TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

1.0 INTRODUCTION

2.0 OCCURRENCE OF NATURAL ROAD BUILDING MATERIALS

3.0 PROPERTIES AND LOCATION OF ROAD BUILDING MATERIALS

3.1 THE VAALIAN AGE

3.2 THE MOKOLIAN AGE

3.2.1 THE KHOABENDUS GROUP

3.2.2 THE REHOBOTH AND SINCLAIR SEQUENCES

3.3 THE NAMIBIAN AND CAMBRIAN AGES (DAMARA, GARIEP AND NAMA)

3.3.1 DAMARA SEQUENCE: NORTHERN ZONE

TABLE 1 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF QUARRIED DOLOMITE: OTAVI GROUP

TABLE 2 ROAD-BUILDING PROPERTIES OF WEATHERED MULDEN PHYLLITE

3.3.2 DAMARA SEQUENCE: CENTRAL ZONE

TABLE 3 ROAD BUILDING PROPERTIES OF WEATHERED SALEM GRANITE

3.3.3 DAMARA SEQUENCE: SOUTHERN ZONE

3.3.4 THE GARIEP COMPLEX

3.3.5 THE NAMA GROUP

3.4 THE CARBONIFEROUS TO THE CRETACEOUS AGES: KAROO SEQUENCE

3.4.1 TILLITE AND OTHER STRATA OF THE DWYKA FORMATION

3.4.2 KAROO SANDSTONES AND MUDROCKS

3.4.3 VOLCANIC ROCKS OF THE KAROO SEQUENCE

3.4.4 KAROO DOLERITE2

3.5 THE TERTIARY TO QUATERNARY AGES: KALAHARI SEQUENCE

3.6 SAND AS IMPORTANT NAMIBIAN ROAD BUILDING MATERIAL

3.6.1 NAMIBIAN COASTAL DEPOSITS FROM TERTIARY TO RECENT

3.6.2 NAMIBIAN INTERIOR DEPOSITS FROM TERTIARY TO RECENT

3.7 THE USE OF PEDOCRETES IN NAMIBIA

TABLE 4 TYPICAL CHEMICAL COMPOSITIONS OF PEDOCRETES (%)

TABLE 5 RECOGNITION OF PROBLEM PEDOCRETES

4.0 CONCLUSION

ENDNOTES

ANNEXURE TABLE 1 ROAD BUILDING MATERIALS IN NAMIBIA: ROCKS

ANNEXURE TABLE 2 ROAD BUILDING MATERIALS IN NAMIBIA: SAND

ANNEXURE TABLE 3 LITHOSTRATIGRAPHIC UNITS/ LITHOLOGY OF ROCKS

ANNEXURE MAP NATURALLY OCCURRING BUILDING MATERIALS IN NAMIBIA

ANNEXURE MAP SIMPLIFIED GEOLOGY OF NAMIBIA

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